Various Government Roles in Health Care Free Essays

The administration plays out a few significant jobs, including financing, conveying, and directing the conveyance of medicinal services. The national government or the state government programs gives human services to uninsured people or low salary families with needs. The national government controls projects, for example, Medicaid and Medicare suppliers. We will compose a custom paper test on Different Government Roles in Health Care or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now They manage such things as wellbeing codes, the protection business, authorized work force, and offices. Significant Roles The administration which comprises of government, state and neighborhood joined has numerous significant jobs in the U. S medicinal services framework. One of the jobs in which the administration gives is money. It is assessed that 48% of social insurance was paid for by open dollars in 2008, which included Medicare, Medicaid, state and neighborhood wellbeing projects, CHIP, and Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs (Yesalis, Holt, Politzer, 2012). Administrative and State governments together reserve Medicaid, long haul psychological well-being administrations, network wellbeing focuses and general wellbeing programs. Guideline shapes all parts of America’s divided human services industry, from the progression of dollars to the correspondence among doctors and patients. The motor makes an interpretation of open approach enthusiastically. While the wellbeing and lives of patients, just as very nearly one-6th of the national economy rely upon its viability, social insurance guideline in America is bewilderingly perplexing. Government offices at the bureaucratic, state, and nearby levels direct bits of the business, however several private associations do as such also. A portion of these administrators rival each other, some contention, and others team up. Their association is as essential to the arrangement of healthâ care just like the laws and rules they actualize. (Robert I. Field) Guidelines The state government additionally directs permitting for medicinal services faculty, offices, and sets up wellbeing codes. The legislature fundamentally controls the wellbeing business with rules and guidelines. Running from: Regulation/authorizing, emotional wellness administrations, fundamental insights, general medical problems, general wellbeing labs, transferable illness control programs, ecological wellbeing, maternal/kid wellbeing, wellbeing arranging, and wellbeing training. (Yesalis, Holt, Politzer, 2012). Step by step instructions to refer to Various Government Roles in Health Care, Papers

Importance of Economic Growth in Achieving Environmental Coursework

Significance of Economic Growth in Achieving Environmental Sustainability - Coursework Example This paper offers an extensive survey of the cutting edge utilization of the idea of practical advancement in certifiable economy. Likewise, instances of effective combination of condition and monetary strategy are given. All things considered, it stays hard to precisely point how much development is required to achieve maintainable turn of events. There are sure routes through which the financial strategy can be coordinated with the earth. One of the significant choices to incorporate the ecological and financial approach is to force natural duties. Such assessments will be charged on any sort of annihilations to the earth performed for financial reasons Another perspective, which the countries may investigate, is permitting tradable grants. Exchange licenses are a methods for building up tops or advancing direct interest in ecologically valuable results towards accomplishing natural objectives. Through the activity of tradable licenses, speculation can be secured into ecological ventures. By empowering mechanical improvement the contamination of the earth can be kept in a check. By utilizing propelled hardware for creation, the industry can keep a beware of the contamination through dynamic methods for creation. Direct natural guideline is the most widely recognized advance, which the countries use to keep contamination in charge. Laws on ecological guidelines and a breaking point on the green house gases have been the major natural control acts done by the countries Note that the eco-effectiveness must be financially savvy and ought to be constrained. , and is planned by the manner in which a general public creates and devours its items. Approaches to Integrate Environment and Economic Policy: There are sure courses through which the financial strategy can be incorporated with the earth. One of the significant choices to coordinate the ecological and financial strategy is to force Environmental Taxes. Such assessments will be charged on any sort of annihilations to the earth performed for financial reasons. These charges will be exacted on the polluters and the clients of such items, in this way not just expanding the income of the Government which thus will improve the economy of the countries, it will likewise go about as a hindrance for individuals to contaminate nature as the items will be amazingly costly to deliver and expend. This will likewise give a counter profitable impact by boosting the ecological trend-setters who thus should bear less expenses for delivering their goods.5 Another perspective, which the countries may investigate, is permitting Tradable Permits. â€Å"Trade grants are a methods for building up tops or advancing direct interest in naturally helpful results towards accomplishing ecological goals.†6 Through the activity of tradable licenses, venture can be secured into ecological tasks. In this framework the Government sets a greatest breaking point upto which contamination can be discharged into the earth. The organizations, which produce a higher measure of contamination, can exchange the top with the organizations radiating lower measure of poison, and accordingly the whole framework is adjusted and it is relying on the most extreme top of emanation of pollutants.7 Therefore, every single organization will attempt to bring down its discharge in order to

Reading and Writing with an Attitude Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Perusing and Writing with an Attitude - Essay Example At last, in spite of the fact that lingering can antagonistically influence all types of creation and yield, it is a particularly unfortunate propensity with respect to the way toward composing because of the way that the creative cycle can't be finished in a solitary sitting. As a component of the perusing, arranging, laying out, drafting, and modifying process, it is important to spending plan a lot of time for the creative cycle so as to ensure that it is finished and applicable to the topic or necessities that have been set out. Besides, editing the completed item likewise requires significant investment and looking to make any very late increments for importance requires some investment too. Concerning how I obtained this specific deficiency, it tends to be essentially enough comprehended that it was procured because of inappropriate time the board right off the bat in my educational undertakings. With respect to the effects that it has had, these can be comprehended to be entirely negative. At last, as a methods for adjusting this propensity, it has been vital for me to look to carefully spending plan my time with the goal that dawdling in the creative cycle can't be a

The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 11

Welcome to episode 11 of the FREE Audio PANCE and PANRE Physician Assistant Board Review Podcast. The Audio PANCE and PANRE is an audio board review series that includes10 Multiple Choice PANCE and PANRE Board Review Questions in each episode. I hope you enjoy this free audio component to the examination portion of this site. The full series is available to all members of the PANCE and PANRE Academy. You can download and listen to past FREE episodes here,oniTunes, on Google Play Music or StitcherRadio. You can listen to the latest episode, download the transcript and take an interactive quiz of the questions below. Download a Free PDF Transcript of the Questions and AnswersFREE PDF Transcriptor view on Scribd Listen Carefully Then Take The Quiz Download episode 11 Questions 1-10 The Audio PANCE and PANRE Episode 11 1. What is the initial treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism in a 10-week pregnant patient? A. No treatment is necessary. B. Propylthiouracil (PTU) C. Radioiodine treatment D. Subtotal thyroidectomy Click here to see the answerB. Propylthiouracil (PTU) This is the initial treatment of choice. 2. A patient presents with eye pain and blurred vision. Snellen testing reveals vision of 20/200 in the affected eye and 20/20 in the unaffected eye. Fluorescein staining reveals the presence of a dendritic ulcer. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Viral keratitis B. Fungal corneal ulcer C. Acanthamoeba keratitis D. Bacterial corneal ulcer Click here to see the answerA. Viral keratitis Herpes Simplex virus is a common cause of dendritic ulceration noted on fluorescein staining. And in case you were wondering: B. Fungal corneal ulcers have an indolent course with intraocular infection being common but fluorescein staining is negative for a dendritic pattern. C. Acanthamoeba keratitis has a waxing and waning course over several months and has no fluorescein staining in a dendritic pattern. D. Bacterial corneal ulcers can progress aggressively resulting in corneal perforation. Fluorescein staining does not occur in a dendritic pattern. 3. A 63 year-old female with history of diabetes mellitus presents for blood pressure follow-up. At her last two visits her blood pressure was 150/92 and 152/96. Today in the office her blood pressure is 146/92. Recent blood work shows a Sodium 140 mEq/L, Potassium 4.2 mEq/L, BUN of 23 mg/dL, and Creatinine of 1.1 mg/dL. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial medication in this patient? A. Terazosin (Hytrin) B. Atenolol (Tenormin) C. Lisinopril (Zestril) D. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) Click here to see the answerC. Lisinopril (Zestril) For the boards ACE inhibitors should be part of the initial treatment of hypertension in diabetics because of beneficial effects in diabetic nephropathy and is the most appropriate initial medication. In real practice, despite what we have been led to believe, it actually makes little difference which antihypertensive is used in diabetic patients just as long as we reach our blood pressure goals. 4. What is the EKG manifestation of cardiac end-organ damage due to hypertension? A. Right bundle branch block B. Left ventricular hypertrophy C. Right ventricular hypertrophy D. ST segment elevation in lateral precordial leads Click here to see the answerB. Left ventricular hypertrophy Long-standing hypertension can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy with characteristic changes noted on EKG. 5. Annual blood pressure determinations should be obtained beginning at the age of A. 3 years. B. 5 years. C. 12 years. D. 18 years. Click here to see the answerA. 3 years Periodic measurements of blood pressure should be part of routine preventive health assessments beginning at the age of 3 years. 6. In adults and intravenous drug abusers, which of the following bones is most commonly affected with acute osteomyelitis? A. Femur B. Humerus C. Vertebral spine D. Tibia Click here to see the answerC. Vertebral spine The bones of the vertebral spine are most commonly affected in a patient with osteomyelitis. Organisms reach the well-perfused vertebral body of adults via spinal arteries and quickly spread from the end plate into the disk space and then to the adjacent vertebral body. The infection may originate in the urinary tract and intravenous drug use carries an increased risk of spinal infection. 7. Treatment of the patient with Pediculosis pubis consists of which of the following? A. Permethrin (Nix) cream B. Clotrimazole (Gyne-Lotrimin) C. Podofilox (Condylox) solution D. Selenium sulfide (Selsun) suspension Click here to see the answerA. Permethrin 1% cream/shampoo is used to kill the louse and remove the eggs from the hair shafts. 8. A 43 year-old asymptomatic diabetic female is found to have an elevated total calcium level of 12.4 mg/dL. Which of the following tests must be assessed in order to evaluate this laboratory abnormality? A. Intact parathyroid hormone B. Serum albumin C. 24 hour urine calcium level D. Complete blood count Click here to see the answerB. Serum albumin Since approximately 50% of calcium is protein bound, total calcium levels should be interpreted relative to albumin levels. 9. Which of the following conditions would cause a positive Kussmaul's sign on physical examination? A. Left ventricular failure B. Pulmonary edema C. Coarctation of the aorta D. Constrictive pericarditis Click here to see the answerD. Constrictive pericarditis Kussmauls sign is an increase rather than the normal decrease in the CVP during inspiration. It is most often caused by severe right-sided heart failure; it is a frequent finding in patients with constrictive pericarditis or right ventricular infarction. 10. Treatment of Bell's palsy includes which of the following? A. Acyclovir B. Reassurance of the patient's recovery C. Referral to a neurosurgeon D. Electromyography Click here to see the answerB. Reassurance of the patients recovery Although I usually always treat with Acyclovir, Bells palsy is a peripheral neuropathy of cranial nerve VII. Although it has been suggested it may be related to an activation of herpes simplex virus, there is little empiric evidence for this. Approximately 60% of cases of Bells palsy recover without treatment and patient reassurance of this is advised. Electromyography may provide aid in the prognosis, but not as a treatment option. A neurosurgeon has no role in the management of Bells palsy. Looking for all the episodes? This FREE series is limited to every other episode, you can download and enjoy the complete audio series by joiningThe PANCE and PANRE Exam Academy. I will be releasing new episodes every two weeks. The Academy is currently discounted, so sign up now. This Podcast is also available on iTunes and Stitcher Radio for Android iTunes:The Audio PANCE AND PANRE Podcast iTunes Stitcher Radio:The Audio PANCE and PANRE Podcast Stitcher document.createElement('audio'); https://traffic.libsyn.com/pasquini/THE_AUDIO_PANCE_AND_PANRE_EPISODE_11_-_The_Physician_Assistant_Life.mp3Podcast: Download () | EmbedSubscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Email | Google Podcasts | Stitcher | RSS | PANCE and PANRE Podcast PlayerView all posts in this seriesThe Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 1The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 3The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 5The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 7The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 9The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 11The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 13The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 15The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 17The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 19The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 21The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 23The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podca st Episode 25Cardiology 1: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Podcast Topic Specific Review Episode 27Pulmonology 1: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Podcast Topic Specific Review Episode 29Gastroenterology 1: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Podcast Topic Specific Review Episode 31EENT 1: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Topic Specific Review Episode 33Genitourinary 1: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Topic Specific Review Episode 35Musculoskeletal 1: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Topic Specific Review Episode 37Reproductive System 1: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Topic Specific Review Episode 39Episode 41: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review PodcastEpisode 43: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review PodcastMurmur Madness: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Episode 45Episode 47: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Comprehensive Audio QuizEpisode 49: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Comprehensive Audio QuizEpisode 51: The Au dio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Comprehensive Audio QuizEpisode 53: General Surgery End of Rotation Exam The Audio PANCE and PANRE PodcastEpisode 55: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review PodcastEpisode 57: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review PodcastEpisode 59: Emergency Medicine EOR The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review PodcastEpisode 61: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review PodcastEpisode 63: The Audio PANCE and PANRE PA Board Review PodcastPodcast Episode 65: Hepatitis B Breakdown With Joe Gilboy PA-CPodcast Episode 67: Ten PANCE and PANRE Board Review Audio QuestionsPodcast Episode 69: Ten PANCE and PANRE Board Review Audio QuestionsPodcast Episode 71: Ten PANCE and PANRE Board Review Audio QuestionsPodcast Episode 73: Ten FREE PANCE and PANRE Audio Board Review QuestionsPodcast Episode 75: Ten FREE PANCE and PANRE Audio Board Review QuestionsPodcast Episode 77: The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast You may also like -The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 9 Welcome to episode 9of the FREE Audio PANCE and PANRE Physician Assistant Board Review Podcast. The Audio PANCE and PANRE is an audio board review series that includes10 Multiple Choice PANCE and PANRE Board Review Questions in []The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 13Welcome to episode 13 of the FREE Audio PANCE and PANRE Physician Assistant Board Review Podcast. The Audio PANCE and PANRE is an audio board review series that includes10 Multiple Choice PANCE and PANRE Board Review Questions in each []The Audio PANCE and PANRE Board Review Podcast Episode 7 Welcome to episode 7of the FREE Audio PANCE and PANRE Physician Assistant Board Review Podcast. The Audio PANCE and PANRE is an audio board review series that includes10 Multiple Choice PANCE and PANRE Board Review Questions in []

The Life Of Lise Meitner - 2241 Words

The Life of Lise Meitner In the beginning of the life of one of the most significant female scientist to date, there was obscurity. Born in Vienna, Austria on November 7th of 1878 during turmoil of war and persecution that would seem to not cease throughout her life, she was bound to surpass her limitations as a necessity to prosper the scientific status. Born the third child out of eight in a Jewish family, she still was not one to go unnoticed or to be persuaded, as a strong minded individual tends to be. At the time of her birth, her family was fairly wealthy, and though of Jewish background, did not practice the religious beliefs of the Jewish heritage. This meant that although she was Austrian in nationality, her ancestors practiced the Jewish way of life, yet it was not as discernable in Meitner or her direct family. Her mother Hedwig Skovran, a musician, was not well known but of enough skill to continue the occupation, while her father, Philipp Meitner, was a lawyer and a master of chess. Her sibling s, much like her parents, grew up to be detached from the Jewish culture, which would lead them towards Christianity during a time of maltreatment of those of Jewish features or religion. This change of religious beliefs would be reflected in Meitner as well in 1908 at the age of thirty as she converted to the Lutheran church. This change of religious practice would not make a difference after the rise of Hitler, which catalyzed the already present disfavor towards theShow MoreRelatedThe Nuclear Of Uranium And The Atomic Bomb1215 Words   |  5 PagesHahn and German chemist, Fritz Strassmann, began conducting experiments on uranium when, in 1938, the two were completely bewildered by the results of their experiment and sent the outcome to physicist Lise Meitner who was astounded by the results as well. Otto Hahn, Fritz Strassmann, and Lise Meitner had become the first to recognize that uranium could split and release energy. (Harnessing of Nuclear Fission.) Soon after though, the w ar started. World War 2 was started September 1, 1939 by AdolfRead MoreAtomic Structures And The Atomic Structure Essay984 Words   |  4 Pagesradioactivity. She and her husband Pierre also discovered the radioactive elements polonium and radium. 1900 Soddy Observed spontaneous disintegration of radioactive elements into variants he called isotopes or totally new elements, discovered half-life, made initial calculations on energy released during decay. 1900 Max Planck used the idea of quanta (discrete units of energy) to explain hot glowing matter. 1903 Nagaoka Postulated a Saturnian model of the atom with flat rings of electrons revolvingRead MoreCh 1 Each different scientist made an impact in some way to the origins of an atom. Lucretius’s1700 Words   |  7 Pageshelped him explain why certain chemicals reacted a way and he eventually founded the modern atomic theory. Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac predicted that when gases enter into a chemical reaction they separate into ratios. Gay-Lussac had many successes in his life, starting from a professor of physics to becoming the superintendent of the government gunpowder company. He eventually died at the age of 71. Amedeo Avogadro’s principle was never accepted during his time. It stated that equal number of volume gases=Read MoreAtomic Theory - Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pagesa field around the atom where we can predict the path of electrons and how they can interact with other atoms to form certain bonds; bonds such as ionic bonds and covalent bonds which create most of the compounds that we interact with in our daily life. TimeLine: Year Scientist(s) Discovery Greek era Democritus by convention bitter, by convention sweet, but in reality atoms and void 1704 Isaac Newton Proposed a mechanical universe with small solid masses in motionRead MoreGender Inequality And The Science Of A Science Based Career As A Woman1715 Words   |  7 Pagesgender gap of women and men in the workforce. This issue in the 1940s is still a root factor in the storage of women in science-based careers. As explained in an earlier paragraph, the are many impressive women of science who are rarely recognized. Lise Meitner discovered that uranium atoms were split when bombarded with neutrons, she calculated the energy released in the reaction and named the phenomenon â€Å"nuclear fission.† This discovery eventually led to the atomic bomb. Irà ¨ne Curie-Joliot, daughterRead MoreResearch On Nuclear Power And Ethics1592 Words   |  7 Pagesquest for nuclear power began not long after the discovery of the radioactive elements, such as radium. The energy released by these radioactive elements is tremendous but the means to harness this energy were unfeasible because of the element’s short life. Then in late 1930’s the discovery of nuclear fission changed everything. In 1932, the discovery of neutron by James Chadwick was immediately recognized as a potential tool for nuclear experimentation due to the absence of an electric charge in itRead MoreHiroshim The World Bomb1520 Words   |  7 Pagesthe bomb, one that is fundamentally needed in the creation in its creation, was not done by an American, but rather someone from New Zealand. Other major influences in the development include Enrico Fermi, an Italian who fist split uranium, and Lise Meitner, the one that figured out that it was called nuclear fission was and she was also an Austrian exile working in Sweden. However, the discovery that there could be a nuclear chain reaction was solved by two Germans who had escaped to Britain. AllRead MoreEssay on Power of Nuclear Energy2589 Words   |  11 Pagesa little less than uranium; whereas, this time the elements were around half as light. They shared their information with Lise Meitner who studied the out come with Neils Bohr and her nephew Ott o R. Frisch. The three of them concluded that the light weighted elements were the results of The Power of Nuclear Energy 3 the uranium splitting also known as fission. Lise Meitner proved this theory using Einstein’s theory. Bohr went to America and brought this information along with him. There he joinedRead MoreNuclear Power Is A Rare Form Of Energy1917 Words   |  8 Pagespanels then most solar panels have a 40% efficiency rate which means 60% of the sunlight gets wasted and is not harnessed. â€Å"Nuclear energy, used in weapons as well as for electricity generation, has the potential to destroy life on Earth. But it also has the potential to save life as we know it†(John L. Remo)†. Solar panels only produce energy when the sun is out. When the sun goes down the solar panels no longer produce energy unless someone buy Solar batteries to store power. Nuclear Power has someRead MoreNuclear Power Is The Best Efficient Power Production Method2264 Words   |  10 PagesIodine-131 has the shortest half-life of eights years, meaning that it takes eight years for the radioactive material to decay by half, and was mostly transferred through milk, vegetables and air and was more commonly found in children. When atoms ionize in a human cell after inhalation due to radiation, it affects the ability of the cell to carry out its normal function or even cause rupturing of the cell. Unfortunately, the isotopes of Caesium have a longer half-life ranging from about two years to

The South China Sea Essay - 1889 Words

As of today, China has expanded and built over seven artificial islands in the South China Sea since 2014. The South China Sea has recently come to be a major problem in Asia as issues have risen over who has rights of passage and claims in this area. The Chinese of recent have been making territorial claims in the South China Sea that are in areas of free passage for many other Asian countries and the United States. In October 2015, a U.S. guided missile destroyer encountered one of the artificial islands and China’s response was that it would â€Å"take any measure† to maintain its security in â€Å"their territory†. The Chinese have been questioned in the Permanent Court of Arbitration by the Philippines after claiming rights to historical locations in the South China Sea, which violates sovereign rights of the Philippines, yet China responded to this outcome with refusal and has continued to advance itself in the territory causing huge disputes with its neigh boring countries as freedom of navigation has been compromised through China’s actions.. In order to guarantee resolution and maintain the freedom of navigation aspect of international law there needs to be a foreign policy put in place that puts more United States military in the South China Sea with support from disputing countries like Japan and the Philippines as a way to make the issue multilateral and law abiding. In 1974 and 1988, China and Vietnam again fought over the Paracels, the Chinese ultimately coming outShow MoreRelatedThe South China Sea1638 Words   |  7 PagesThe Environment The South China Sea, a body of water located in the western Pacific Ocean, borders many nations within East and Southeast Asia such as China, Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines and Malaysia. The topography of the region varies widely. One of the major defining features of the South China Sea is its deep sea basin located in the east which includes reef-filled shoals and sandbanks. These shoals also span the south and northwest regions. While the continental shelf drops sharply towardsRead MoreThe South China Sea Essay1816 Words   |  8 PagesSince the 3rd Century AD, the South China Sea has been home to countless territorial disputes between China, the Philippines, Vietnam, and other East Asian Nations. This region is so contentious because it is one of the busiest trade routes, and is home to vast natural resources. 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Most recently, China has made a political decision toRead MoreThe Issue Of The South China Sea1852 Words   |  8 PagesMany Asian countries are flourishing, and the South China Sea has some of the busiest shipping routes crossing it, carrying many exports to and from countries. Recently, the sea has heated arguments dealing with sovereign rights. It formed the focus of territorial ownership debates and some countries’ rights, primary with China, Taiwan, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam (Bale). This conflict could cause a much bigger regional conflagration. The countries that are involved struggle to surmountRead MoreSouth China Sea Dispute10771 Words   |  44 Pagescountries, as well as tensions in foreign policies. One of these conflicts is the dispute in South China Sea between China and six neighbor ASEAN countries. With the intervention of the United States, the issue turns to be more serious as it attracts a lot of concerns from international community. 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The area receives 1/3rd of the world’sRead MoreBriefing Paper - South China Sea1917 Words   |  8 PagesBriefing Paper – South China Sea Policy Analysis: Topic: The South China Sea has become a significant source of tension in the Indo-Pacific region mostly regarding competing legal claims of territorial sovereignty . China is at the forefront of this dispute and bases their claim on the ‘nine-dash line’ map. In May 2014, tensions dramatically increased when China began drilling for oil near the Paracel Islands located 120 nautical miles away from the Vietnamese coast. Additionally, sovereignty claimsRead MoreThe Potential Hazards Of The South China Sea1629 Words   |  7 Pagestension and activities of competing countries increase in the South China Sea this in turn has increased potential implications for its environment. One major implication is the potential hazards that are threatening coral reefs and other components of the local marine ecology within that region. 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Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriag Essay Example For Students

Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriag Essay e: Stories In Wild Swans a girl on a train, fondled by a minister, feels disgusted but also hugely curious. Munro describes as Ive never seen anyone else do how people put erotic memories, not always pleasant ones, to use over and over in their lives. 1. This paper reports that Rose is sitting on a train ride during which a self-described minister gropes her throughout the ride. She cannot take a stand against him, because she knows that the abuse is hidden and that her outcry will be deafened by an indifferent society. Most living writers are not, most of the time, reading one anothers work. They are reconsidering the classics. They are consuming cookbooks, comics, self-help manuals, mysteries, pornography, Martha Stewart (a variety of pornography for women). They are skimming biographies, dabbling in dictionaries. Writers are watching The Sopranos or learning, late in life, to play tennis. They are obsessing about their love affairs, their disappointing careers, their children. Every once in a while, though, a rumor burns through the tentative, decentralized community of American writers that a certain book must be owned. Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage, a new collection by Alice Munro, her tenth, has already incited writers to call one another on the telephone, to send e-mail exhortations, and in the extreme (writers are not profligate) to pay retail for more than one copy in order to give the book away. Every artist, brilliant, pretty good, or aspiring, has the same wish to make something beautiful and lasting and the concomitant capacity for awe in the presence of the serene achievement (as Conrad called Henry Jamess New York Editions). The highest compliment a critic can pay a short-story writer is to say that he or she is our Chekhov. More than one writer has made that claim for Alice Munro. Her genius, like Chekhovs, is quiet and particularly hard to describe, because it has the simplicity of the best naturalism, in that it seems not translated from life but, rather, like life itself. In analyzing another Russian writers transparent straightforwardness, James Wood described the critics frustration: Why are his characters so real? Because they are so individual. Why does his world feel so true? Because it is so real. And so on. It may be instructive, in trying to account for Munros disproportionate power, to consider Lady With Lapdog, arguably Chekhovs most famous and beloved story. Even after dozens of readings (in several translations) I still find it exceedingly difficult to pinpoint how the story works as deeply as it does. One might seize on the regular use of incongruities: the cynical philanderers thoughts of a young womans slender neck and beautiful eyes, followed by his impression that she is pathetic; the rou cutting a watermelon and eating it silently for a half hour while the woman sobs, thinking herself fallen after their first tryst; the open ending. Chekhov properly placed all statements about beauty, eternity, and falling in love right next to comic, breezy, urbane sentences, lending the impression that this young married woman and her older Muscovite lover, although particular to us, are not out of the human ordinary. Yet I could think of hal f a dozen stories to which one could fairly ascribe these same techniques of juxtaposition and tonal incongruity but which nonetheless lack this storys power. Likewise, I could strain to name a few writers who possess an immense lyric gift, in whose work a poets compression punctuates a novelists love of leisured complication, of time; yet their stories register altogether differently from Munros. Ann Close, Munros American editor since The Beggar Maid (1978), has described the experience of going back to a place in a story where she remembered a particular passage and finding that it had never been there. More than with other writers, Close said, with Alice, theres a huge amount between the lines. At the heart of all great naturalism is mystery, an emotional sum greater than its technical parts. I am not a sophisticated chronicler of literary reputation. I dont really know how famous Munro is. And perhaps with our particular favorites there is a tendency to downplay their popularit y. No one likes to think his or her taste is common. More than one high school girl has been dismayed to learn that the one boy she personally, idiosyncratically found cute is a general heartthrob. In the early eighties I asked friends who were traveling north of the border to find me anything they could by Alice Munro, and my copies of her first three books are Canadian paperbacks. In 1986, when The Progress of Love was published, she read to a full house in a large NYU auditorium (New Yorkers are prescient, and by then shed been publishing stories in their namesake magazine for almost ten years). I have a sense that whatever Munros reputation is (and it is lofty among writers, of that I am sure), it is not yet exactly what it should be. And the ways in which it is not quite what it should be are somehow murky and would seem to have little to do with literature. Lorrie Moore hinted at this recently in The Paris Review: I dont believe any serious reader would call her provincial, Mo ore said, but I also dont think it is often emphasized how she is the opposite. I can think of no better illustration of the universality of Alice Munros work than the memory of reading it in my twenties. I lived in a fifteenth-floor apartment in New York City, worked as an editor at The Paris Review, took the crosstown bus dressed in the city uniform of black stockings, skirts, and pumps bought on sale. My love affairs tended to be of the wistful variety from afar if not altogether imaginary. Yet I read Alice Munros stories of adulterous wives, and country girls gutting turkeys, with the page-turning avidity of someone discovering her own true future. The managing editor, Jeanne McCulloch, did the same. We read them deeply personally, to learn how to live. Without really garnering the permission of our boss, George Plimpton, we planned to interview Munro for The Paris Review. We hoped by this to achieve for her a kind of canonization. No writer in his right mind would have wanted c anonization to depend on us. Though we read the stories over and over, we were also terribly busy, figuring out not only the craft of writing rejection letters but also the tricks of making a living in New York City. We met Alice Munro and her editor at the Chelsea brownstone of her agent, Virginia Barber, where the three women seemed occupied and prosperous, in the middle of life. They talked about shopping with the exhilaration of serious women who dont often shop. We started the interview, and in the fashion typical of The Paris Review (often edited by would-be writers in their twenties), it languished for seven years. Making a case for Alice Munro in 2001 is not what making a case for Herman Melville would have been in the 1880s, or for Henry James at the time of the New York Editions, early in the 1900s. Since The Beggar Maid most reviews have been stellar; Munro has received all the major Canadian literary prizes and our National Book Critics Circle Award. (As a Canadian, she is not eligible for our National Book Award or Pulitzer Prize; Her last five books have not been short-listed for the Booker Prize, because the Booker no longer considers short-story collections.) So splitting hairs about precisely to which tier of the pantheon she belongs can feel a bit like carping that Proust, Joyce, and Kafka never won the Nobel Prize. But when educated general readers talk about the great living fiction writers, Munro isnt consistently mentioned with Saul Bellow, Toni Morrison, Philip Roth, and John Updike. Three reasons come to mind. First, Munro writes about the lives of girls and women, to quote the title of her one novel, their conflicts, comedy, milestones, irony, and domestic detail, vacuuming and all. We are still, despite thirty years of feminism, a culture that considers the word domestic when applied to fiction to mean tamer and even less. Munros reach has become vast in recent collections, but her stories about the western expansion, about North Amer ican history, and even about murder are centered on a credible female character. Second, she, like the great majority of writers, has claimed a specific fictional geography, and hers-midwestern rural Canada does not have any particular edge or sexiness. Third, she writes short stories. The roughly contemporary writers most akin to her in sensibility, the late Illinoisan William Maxwell and the Irish William Trevor (both writers of exquisite short stories and also novels), share her relative obscurity. They, like Grace Paley, Isaac Babel, and Marilynne Robinson, are sometimes said to be writers writers, meaning that most people havent ever heard of them. Munros first three books, Dance of the Happy Shades (1968), Lives of Girls and Women (1971), and Something Ive Been Meaning to Tell You (1974), introduced her great themes shame and its connection to poverty, how class monkeys with sexual desire, the problems of a female artist in functioning satisfactorily as an artist or a female a nd also some of her leitmotifs: the glamour of airplanes, the changes in domestic life brought about by electrification and indoor plumbing, the recurring figure of a half-decrepit grandmother who is still an actor, however minor, in the household drama. An archetypal family emerges. The mother, refined and particular, strives for elegance even as her health is declining. She has a wealth of aunts and perhaps considers herself a little above her husbands family. The father remains upright and honorable, with necessary privacies; he is often a trapper of sorts (fox, mink, muskrat, marten), comfortable with a rougher male world outside, in possession of raucous relatives and perhaps a randy past. The fathers family is apt to play practical jokes, put uncooked beans in the soup, and throw forks and dishrags at one another. (A bad thing in that family was to have them say you were sensitive, as they did of my mother.) In Walker Brothers Cowboy, the first story in Munros first collection , the mother takes the Depression personally. Though casual readers may derive a sense that Munros characters come from the wrong side of the tracks, it seems to me that she writes about the construction of class not only in broad, upstairs-downstairs extremes (the husband rich, the wife a scholarship student) but also within families and communities whose differences appear invisible from the outside. She chronicles the nuances, snubs, and unsent invitations on which we build class and maintain it. Im not sure whether country girls still sleep with rich boys who come to the Canadian lakes for the summer, as they do in Thanks for the Ride. But what lingers, memorably, is the conundrum of why they ever did. It wasnt for money, or the hope of marriage. The old grandma, hovering in the living room, knows better than that. It seems to have been its own rough convention, the trophy of a certain glamour the glamour of just that night. Munro also returns again and again to the Jamesian sub ject of the artist. In her work, though, the artist is a woman in a small town, without the complications of recognition. There is a poetess in the wilds of nineteenth-century frontier Canada (Meneseteung), a violinist in the 1940s who dreams of leaving her baby outside to die (My Mothers Dream), and an aging piano teacher, Miss Marsalles, whose popularity is waning (Dance of the Happy Shades): Mary Lamberts girl no longer takes; neither does Joan CrimblesPiano lessons are not so important now as they once were; everybody knows that. Dancing is believed to be more favourable to the development of the whole child. HELPING THE HOMELESS EssayThe husband and wife here stay within their mythic traditional parade, but Munro gives them the dignity of the processions end while also including two counterpoints to the march: one of frivolity, in the wifes youthful glamour, her linen dress and white gloves, her knowledge of fashion trivia (Balmains exhortation to wear white gloves); the other the fugitive melody of an erotic betrayal, wound deeply and perhaps productively into this marriage. There is something I always hope for in fiction that has no literary term. Its best explained by analogy. In a certain painting by Degas a woman dries herself after a bath, one foot up on the rim of the tub, her whole body leaning over. Seeing that image, one might recognize a human position common in life but never before seen through the bending lens of representation. The same thing could be said for a shade of red in Mondrian. Munro gives us such recognitions. Her emotional palette is vast. Here is a portrait of a young woman, from Family Furnishings: After a lunch with the aunt she once idolized, full of country food, full also of emotion, from secrets revealed with their attendant burdens of guilt and sorrow, the young woman walks alone through the city. Her friends are away. Her fianc (who admired Hamlet but had no time for tragedy for the squalor of tragedy in ordinary life) is visiting his good-looking parents. She walks and walks, and then slips into a drugstore coffee shop, where the bitter black coffee tastes medicinal. She feels full not only of food but of people, of life. What soothes her as much as the coffee is the solitude, the urban anonymity: such happiness, to be alone. Ive never before seen the artists need for solitude as alleviation of fullness, an overload of life. There is a long line of idolized women in Munros stories, usually independent and childless, living emotionally extravagant, artistic lives, admired by shyer, more cautious, and often younger women. The ve ry real suffering and squalor endured by these idols is sometimes glimpsed in flashes, with the troubling suggestion that their more colorful ways may not all have been a matter of choice. But usually the younger woman is too much in the thick of her own life to pause long to consider the implications of these hardships for herself or her future. In real life, when Jeanne and I met her in Canada, Alice Munro lived in the two-story wooden house in which her second husband was born. She told us (a cautionary tale) that shed never had a house she really loved. She worked in the dining room, at a small table that held a manual typewriter. She said she often stood up before her dictionary, and spent hours there daydreamily composing. There were moments when we felt our generational difference: her two years at university were the only time in her life when she didnt have to do housework (we hoped there wasnt too too much housework looming in our futures). When her daughters were very sma ll, she worked during their naps. (This particularly consoled me. I intended to put down my future son for three or four naps daily.) There were silent spots in the interview, points too private and difficult to pursue, which seemed to have to do with prices paid for needing work while having children. We shook our heads; somehow it would be different for us. At moments even Munros casual conversation had the cadences of poetry, as in her description of a suburb in western Canada where she once lived: I was with the wives of the climbing men. But iambic or not, the suburbs, with their wives, were not where we hoped to live. She made it all seem not easy but possible. Later we sensed a vast gulf between the woman telling us how she made the thing and the thing itself, a gulf still containing the enormous my